Cómo conectar Node-RED a un PLC basado en Arduino

Aprende a usar Node-RED con PLCs basados en Arduino y este tutorial industrial de Arduino y Node-RED
28 de diciembre de 2021 por
Cómo conectar Node-RED a un PLC basado en Arduino
Boot & Work Corp. S.L., Fernandez Queralt Martinez

Introducción

Cuando se programan proyectos IoT con Raspberry Pi, Arduino, o PLCs basados en ESP32, se puede utilizar tanto una ventana de terminal, como una plataforma o software para programarlos.

En esta entrada del blog, vamos a utilizar la plataforma Node-RED para enlazar Node-RED y Arduino juntos, para que podamos hacer proyectos de automatización industrial y automatización de Arduino con MQTT, WiFi, o cualquier comunicación que quieras utilizar.

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Requisitos

Instala Node-RED y Arduino

Para instalar Node-RED en un PLC Raspberry o en nuestro PC, vamos a seguir los siguientes pasos:

1. Instala Git:

sudo apt install build-essential git curl

2. Instala Node.js, npm y Node-RED.

bash <(curl -sL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/node-red/linux-installers/master/deb/update-nodejs-and-nodered)

3. Autoincia Node-RED en el arranque e inicia el servicio.

sudo systemctl enable nodered.service
sudo systemctl start nodered.service

4.  Descarga Arduino IDE desde este enlace >

Arduino out node en Node-RED

Una vez que hayas descargado tanto Node-RED como Arduino IDE, lanza Node-RED yendo a tu navegador:

http://localhost:1880/
 
Descarga los nodos Arduino si aún no los tienes:

1. Ve al menú de Node-RED de la derecha > Gestionar paleta > Instalar > Escribe: node-red-node-arduino > Haz clic en Instalar.

2. Suelta los dos en el flujo si quieres usar ambos. Nosotros vamos a utilizar el nodo arduino out.

3. Selecciona el puerto Arduino.

4. Selecciona el tipo de salida que quieres controlar. En nuestro caso: digital.

5. Para seleccionar el pin de Arduino, acudiremos a la guía de usuario del controlador lógico programable Arduino, que puedes encontrar en la página de producto de tu controlador PLC industrial de código abierto. Puedes ver este ejemplo para 
PLC M-Duino 21+.

M-Duino 21+ PLC - Cómo conectar Node-RED al PLC basado en Arduino

Allí encontraremos la información del pinout de Arduino. Puedes ver el pinout de Arduino de un PLC M-Duino 21+ en esta tabla de la derecha.

Así, si queremos controlar la salida Q0.0, tendremos que poner el pin 36 en el nodo de salida del Arduino Node-RED.

Pinout del PLC Arduino - Cómo conectar Node-RED al PLC basado en Arduino

6. Añade dos nodos de inyección: Uno con el número 1 y otro con el número 0. Conéctalos al nodo Arduino.

La configuración sería así:

Configuración - Cómo conectar Node-RED al PLC basado en Arduino

Despliega los cambios y haz clic en el nodo de inyección con valor 1 para activar una salida.

 Node-RED & Arduino-based PLC not connecting?

Arduino Firmata y Node-RED

Necesitas el sketch Standard Firmata en tu PLC para que la placa Arduino sepa que puede ser controlado a través de Node-RED.
Por defecto, se puede encontrar en Arduino IDE en:

Archivo > Ejemplos > Firmata > StandardFirmata

Si no lo encuentras, ve a  GitHub >, haz clic en Code Descargar .ZIP > Ve al Arduino IDE > Sketch > Incluir librería > Añadir librería .ZIP... > Selecciona el Firmata .ZIP que acabas de descargar. De nuevo, intenta ir a Archivo > Ejemplos > Firmata > StandardFirmata.

Súbelo yendo a Herramientas > y selecciona la placa Arduino en la que se basa el PLC. En el caso del PLC M-Duino 21+: Arduino Mega 2560.  

También puedes encontrar esa información en la guía de usuario:

Arduino Firmata y Node-RED - Cómo conectar Node-RED a un PLC basado en Arduino

Continúa seleccionando la placa, el procesador y el puerto.

Vuelve a Node-RED, inyecta el valor 1, ¡y verás cómo se enciende el LED de la salida!

Consigue este flows.json, ¡y compáralo con el tuyo!


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